對於 1960 年或之後出生的美國人,社會安全的完全退休年齡(FRA)是 67 歲。提前領取會減少福利,而延遲領取則會增加福利直至 70 歲。401(k) 是一種由雇主贊助的退休計劃,員工可以貢獻稅前收入,通常有雇主配對,以稅收優惠的方式為退休儲蓄。IRS 允許從傳統 IRA 和 401(k) 中在 59 歲半開始免罰款提款,儘管可能仍需繳稅。在此之前提前提款通常會產生 10% 的罰款。Medicare 是一個聯邦健康保險計劃,適用於 65 歲及以上的美國公民,或患有某些殘疾的人,通過 A、B、C 和 D 部分涵蓋住院、看醫生等。應急基金,最好是 3-6 個月的生活費,可以保護退休帳戶免於提前提款,避免罰款並保留增長潛力。美國國稅局將2024年傳統IRA供款限額設定為50歲以下個人7,000美元,50歲及以上者可額外追加1,000美元,但受收入限制。由SSA管理的社會安全計畫提供根據終生收入計算的退休福利,最早可在62歲開始領取,但在達到完全退休年齡時可最大化。多元化通過將資金分配到股票、債券、房地產等領域來最小化風險,這樣一個領域的糟糕表現就不會徹底摧毀整個投資組合。根據2023年更新,傳統IRA和401(k)的RMDs從73歲開始,不遵守規定將受到罰款,以確保遞延收益繳納稅款。羅斯IRA是用稅後資金存入的,允許退休時的免稅增長和提取,如果你預計未來稅率會更高,這是理想的選擇。通膨會侵蝕儲蓄的實際價值;例如,每年 3% 的通膨意味著今天的 100 美元未來購買力會下降,因此投資必須超越通膨。HSA 提供三重稅收優惠:稅前供款、免稅增長以及醫療費用的免稅提款,這對於高額退休醫療費用至關重要。Medicare Part A 涵蓋住院、專業護理、安寧療護和部分居家照護,如果您已支付 Medicare 稅費 10 年,通常是免保費的。退休初期市場表現不佳,提款時會更快耗盡投資組合,這強調了採取保守策略的必要性。經驗法則建議,透過社會安全福利、退休金和儲蓄,目標是取代 70-80% 的收入,以維持沒有工作收入的生活方式。目標日期基金會隨著退休時間的臨近,從激進型投資轉向保守型投資,簡化了不願動手的投資者的規劃。您可以同時供款,但 IRA 供款的稅務抵扣取決於收入和工作場所計畫參與情況。它涵蓋慢性疾病的服務,通常不包含在醫療保險中,有助於支付療養院或居家護理費用。延遲到完全退休年齡後可使福利每年增加 8%,直到 70 歲,為壽命較長的退休人員提供更高的終身收入。本指南建議一個可持續的提款率,以使儲蓄持續 30 年,基於歷史市場數據。SSA 每年寄送 1099-SSA 表格,報告稅務目的的福利;最高 85% 可能根據收入應課稅。年金提供有保障的收入流,對沖長壽風險,儘管它們的類型多樣,如固定或變動年金。出售較大的房屋換取較小的房屋可以為退休提供現金,同時減少公用事業和維修等持續性開支。Part D 透過私人計劃提供,幫助支付門診藥物費用,保費和處方集因供應商而異。它包括遺囑、信託和授權書,保護親人並降低遺囑認證費用或遺產稅。受託人,如註冊投資顧問 (RIA),在法律上有義務推薦適合的產品,這與非受託人可能銷售收取佣金的產品不同。零工或兼職工作可以補充儲蓄,可能允許延遲領取社會保障金以獲得更高的福利,同時保持活躍。如果沒有可信的保險,延遲註冊會導致每延遲一年保費增加10%,並持續終身。債券提供固定利息,平衡股票波動性,尤其是在接近退休時以保存資本。對於62歲以上的房主,它可以將房屋淨值轉換為現金,無需每月還款,但會產生利息並減少繼承。研究顯示,做志工能減少孤獨感、改善心情,並可能降低血壓,全面提升幸福感。如果提前申請且收入超過限制(例如,2024 年為 22,320 美元),每超出 2 美元,福利將扣除 1 美元,但稍後會補發。監控有助於估計退休需求、減少浪費,並確保儲蓄與未來生活成本保持一致。原始聯邦醫療保險不涵蓋例行牙科/視力,但許多私人聯邦醫療保險優勢計劃會增加這些額外服務。追求園藝或課程等興趣有助於對抗退休後的憂鬱,促進健康並建立社群。簡化僱員養老金(SEP IRA)允許更高的供款(最高可達收入的25%),並享有延稅增長。離婚等人生大事可能導致指定過時,因此更新IRA等帳戶可避免意外分配。像散步這樣的規律活動有助於預防骨質疏鬆症和抑鬱症等疾病,支持獨立生活。對於65歲前退休的人,ACA交易平台提供基於收入補貼的計劃,作為過渡到醫療保險的橋樑。它有助於適應、維持收入/社交關係並允許技能轉移,由一些雇主提供。You scored 0 out of 40You scored 1 out of 40You scored 2 out of 40You scored 3 out of 40You scored 4 out of 40You scored 5 out of 40You scored 6 out of 40You scored 7 out of 40You scored 8 out of 40You scored 9 out of 40You scored 10 out of 40You scored 11 out of 40You scored 12 out of 40You scored 13 out of 40You scored 14 out of 40You scored 15 out of 40You scored 16 out of 40You scored 17 out of 40You scored 18 out of 40You scored 19 out of 40You scored 20 out of 40You scored 21 out of 40You scored 22 out of 40You scored 23 out of 40You scored 24 out of 40You scored 25 out of 40You scored 26 out of 40You scored 27 out of 40You scored 28 out of 40You scored 29 out of 40You scored 30 out of 40You scored 31 out of 40You scored 32 out of 40You scored 33 out of 40You scored 34 out of 40You scored 35 out of 40You scored 36 out of 40You scored 37 out of 40You scored 38 out of 40You scored 39 out of 40You scored 40 out of 40
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退休是許多美國人,尤其是那些接近黃金階段的中年人的一個重要人生里程碑。但是你真的準備好了嗎?這個測驗深入探討了必不可少的退休知識,涵蓋了為美國居民量身定制的財務規劃、政府政策和日常生活調整。從了解社會安全福利到駕馭 401(k) 供款、醫療保險選項,甚至是退休後的健康和休閒策略,這些問題將測試你為安全未來做準備的程度。美國人平均在 64 歲左右退休,可能面臨超過 300,000 美元的醫療費用,了解基礎知識可以帶來巨大的改變。無論你處於 40 多歲還是 50 多歲,在通貨膨脹和市場波動日益加劇的情況下,現在建立一筆儲蓄至關重要。只有一小部分退休前人士完全掌握了這些基本知識—你會打破常規嗎?接受這個 40 題的挑戰,評估你的知識,找出不足之處,並激勵自己更明智地規劃。每個正確答案都會讓你更接近退休信心。讓我們看看你是否是那能夠取得優異成績的精英 5%!
建立基礎
退休是許多美國人,尤其是那些接近黃金階段的中年人的一個重要人生里程碑。但是你真的準備好了嗎?這個測驗深入探討了必不可少的退休知識,涵蓋了為美國居民量身定制的財務規劃、政府政策和日常生活調整。從了解社會安全福利到駕馭 401(k) 供款、醫療保險選項,甚至是退休後的健康和休閒策略,這些問題將測試你為安全未來做準備的程度。美國人平均在 64 歲左右退休,可能面臨超過 300,000 美元的醫療費用,了解基礎知識可以帶來巨大的改變。無論你處於 40 多歲還是 50 多歲,在通貨膨脹和市場波動日益加劇的情況下,現在建立一筆儲蓄至關重要。只有一小部分退休前人士完全掌握了這些基本知識—你會打破常規嗎?接受這個 40 題的挑戰,評估你的知識,找出不足之處,並激勵自己更明智地規劃。每個正確答案都會讓你更接近退休信心。讓我們看看你是否是那能夠取得優異成績的精英 5%!